Surgery (usually by a lay person) to either: 1) form a barrier across the vaginal opening using the woman's own labia as described in this course (session "Components of Individualized Care Provision, " page 20, "Special Care Needs for Women with Female Genital Cutting") for Types I, II, and III FGM, or 2) piercing the woman's labia on either side of the entrance to the vagina so that a ring or lock can be put in place. When this is performed after birth on a women who has previously been infibulated, it may be termed "re-infibulation."
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